Statistics Canada's 2016 Census revealed that just over 2.1 million people reported having some Indigenous ancestry, representing 6.2% of the total population. Their proportion of Canada's total population is increasing. The Indigenous peoples include First Nations (Status and Non‑Status Indians), Métis and Inuit. 2 Background and Analysis 2.1 Multiculturalism as a Sociological Fact of Canadian LifeĬanada's history of settlement and colonization has resulted in a multicultural society made up of three founding peoples – Indigenous, French, and British – and of many other racial and ethnic groups. It also provides a chronology of federal policy on multiculturalism, and selected references. It goes on to look at attitudes to multiculturalism, as well as provincial and territorial multiculturalism policies. This study focuses on an analysis of Canadian multiculturalism both as a sociological fact and as a federal public policy.
At the policy level, multiculturalism refers to the management of diversity through formal initiatives in the federal, provincial, territorial and municipal domains. Ideologically, multiculturalism consists of a relatively coherent set of ideas and ideals pertaining to the celebration of Canada's cultural diversity.
The concept of Canada as a “multicultural society” can be interpreted in different ways: descriptively (as a sociological fact), prescriptively (as ideology) or politically (as policy).Īs a sociological fact, multiculturalism refers to the presence of people from diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds.
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